留学生如何写出精简，地道的英文句子？本文meeloun论文网小编为大家带来几条建议：

建议一 ： 消除重复

1. 用代词、助词等方式避免重复，用“this/these”代指前文所述观点，用“it/they”代指前文提到的事物。此外，使用代词不仅能精简，而且能使得论述更为自然。常见的论述手段除了使用逻辑连接词的“明展”外，其实还包括使用代词“暗展”，即利用语义的自然延伸来对分论点展开论证，也就是说，后一句话里使用指示代词、人称代词或物主代词，对于前一句话里出现的内容进行指代，从而建立起自然顺延关系。例如：

the government should encourage the use of public transport. this(指代前文观点) means that public transport should be well run and people can afford to use them(指代public transport). buses, subways and trains(通过举例来转述public transport) are all good ways of getting around. if they(指代public transport) are cheap and reliable, then people will use them.

2. 消除词汇上的重复。英语其实是一门很讲究变化的语言，即使表达同一个意思，外国人也尽量使用不同词汇(例如用teenager, youngster, youth, young people, adolescent表达“年轻人”类似意思，用youth crime 和juvenile delinquency表示青少年犯罪)，同一个词语在一个或临近的句子中出现几次其实是很忌讳的。有些词虽然形式上不重复，但意思上也有重复。以下表达应该避免：

the reason is because- the reason is/ it is because…

return back- return

future trend- trend

new innovations- innovations

repeat again- repeat; reclaim again- reclaim

coordinate together- coordinate

还有些烤鸭喜欢对一些本来就已经表示强烈色彩的词用very来修饰，如：

very unique- unique

very tremendous- tremendous

very significant- significant

very beautiful- beautiful

诸如此类笑掉大牙的例子不胜枚举，希望大家避免。英语中还有类似汉语四字格的表达，两个单词并列使用，表达同一个意思，只是为了形式上好看，这类表达在写作也尽量不要使用。如：

goals and aims

rules and regulations

aches and pains

clean and tidy

defeat and failure

ways and means

bits and pieces

hustle and bustle

建议二： 避免然而并没有什么卵用的单词和词组

有些空洞的单词短语完全就是来凑字数的，不表达任何有效信息，对task response并没有什么卵用，完全可以删掉。例如：

(1) nowadays, there is a large debate around the ideal transportation means that should be promoted by governments. some believe that means like bicycles should be supported, while others feel that spending should be directed toward public transportations. i think that both means have to be subsidized because each has advantages and potential disadvantages. in this essay, i shall discuss and analyze both views.

这句话有任何意义吗？excuse me? 在表达balanced view以后，任何人都知道要从两个方面来论述，这句话完全是废话。上述开头段完全可以由更简单的来代替：

people have different views about how best to improve transportation in cities. while better provision for cyclists would be a positive measure, i would argue that further investment in public transport should be the priority in most cities.

(2) when all things are considered, young adults of today live more satisfying lives than those of their parents, in my opinion.high quality essay writing service on www.lunwentop.net

这句话中的 “when all things are considered” “in my opinion”实在太多余了= =，就可以简单改为：young adults of today live more satisfying lives than their parents.

建议三： 使用恰当的语法结构

需要纠正的一个误区是表达同样的意思是不是句子结构越复杂、越长越好。其实不是。论证是一种能力，考官评判句式的标准绝对是句型使用是否多样（有没有用两三种以上的语法结构，如从句、被动句、强调句、双重否定、插入语、非谓语、介词短语等）和是否准确，从没有哪个评分是以长难句为标准的。句式过度复杂，完全是一堆语法结构堆砌而没有表达实际内容绝对会被认作对考官的“挑衅”。请看下面的例子：

句1：the concerns surrounding the problem of _____ have considerably escalated increasing awareness of the general public towards the issue.

句2：notwithstanding the fact that attempts have been undertaken to tackle this nuisance, there is still a lot to be done to exterminate the problem.

句3： the most effective way in dealing with this situation is, first of all, through turning urgent attention to the underlying causes of the problem.

这三个句子的共同点是：①结构复杂②一堆被动式③并没有表达什么实际内容。考官永远不会被这种句子“打动”。正如simon所说：forget about “complex structures” and “difficult word”. when you try too hard to make your writing look difficult, it usually just seems strange or wrong.

因此，为了给作文“减肥”，必须使用恰当的语法结构。

1. 能用词形变化表达意思的，就不用单词。例如：

(1) the argument that instead of preventing climate change we need to explore alternative ways to live with it shows our unwillingness to change our irresponsible ways. 能用“unwillingness”就不用“we are unwilling to”来表达。

(2) tourism is another great contributor to britain’s economy, with many chinese holiday-makers bringing a new live to retail sector. 能用“contributor”就不用 “make a great contribution to”来表达。

(3) 用“reiterate” 而不用“claim again”。

2. 能用单词表达的，就不用词组。这是为了使结构更紧凑，更精炼。

(1) the debt burden on university is becoming heavier and heavier. 这种 “more and more”结构完全可以用副词increasingly代替（切记，increasingly后要接形容词原级，不能接比较级）。

(2) 有强势动词的，不用弱势动词，比如多用 “suggest”少用“make a suggestion”。

(3) 有些空洞和繁琐的表达方式可以替换掉。请看：due to the fact that our grandparents were under an obligation to help their parents, they did not have the options that young people have at this point in time. “due to the fact that”就是一个很典型的繁琐的表达方式的例子，可以替换，简化为下面的表达方式：because our grandparents were obligated to help their parents, they did not have the options that young people have now.

(4) 用更为精确的一个动词来代替动词短语。i do not(雅思作文中不能写成缩写) want to waste my life doing noting=idle away/loiter.

3. 能用词汇表达的，就不用从句，能够前置的定语，不要搞成后置定语从句= =。以为显摆自己从句写得好就能拿高分那就错了。只有在定语过长，单词说不清的时候才会用后置定语。比如：china is a country that has/with lots of population. 不要再写这种句子了t. t。首先，雅思作文里不允许出现lots of这种口语词，必须要用a large amount of/ numerous/ numberless/ innumerable来替代。其次，这么个烂从句完全能用“densely-populated(反义词：sparsely-populated)” 来替代。

4. 能用主动语态的就不用被动语态，仅在需要强调宾语而不是主语的时候，才使用被动语态。

5. 能用一个句子写清楚的，就不写两个句子。有时两句话的信息经过整合完全可以用一句话来概括。profits from the farm were not large. sometimes they were too small to meet the expenses of running a farm. they were not sufficient to pay for a university degree.两句话的信息可以合并为更为简洁的句子：profits from th

e farm were sometimes too small to meet operational expenses, let alone pay for a university degree.

6. 用人物作主语，用强势动词作谓语。这是李长栓教授倡导的一条原则。即一个句子的主语和谓语动词应该能反映句子的最重要意思。说the cia feared the president would recommend to congress that it reduce its budget. 不要说the fear of the president was that a recommendation from the president to congress would be for a reduction in its budget.

事实上雅思作文中唯一能接受的“冗语”是there be句型。但即使如此，也应该少用。

最后和大家分享一下william strunk在1918年出版的the element of style中列举的10项写作基本原则，该书被誉为“写作圣经”，其中有一半是关于如何精简的。

1. make the paragraph the unit of composition: one paragraph to each topic.每个段落都是文章的有机组成部分，在文中有特定功能，一段一个主题，不写无关段落。

2. as a rule, begin each paragraph with a topic sentence, end it in conformity with the beginning. 每段通常以主题句开头，段首段尾相呼应。

3. use the active voice. 能用主动语态的不用被动。

4. put statements in positive forms. 用肯定形式。

5. omit needless words. 去冗余。

6. avoid succession of loose sentence. 避免连续使用松散句。

7. express coordinate ideas in similar form. 用排比表达相近意思。

8. keep related words together. 紧凑。

9. keep to one tense. 时态一致。

10.place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end. 句末强调。返回搜狐，查看更多

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