英语共有十六个时态、四个别。（注：四个别为——一般、进行、结束、结束进行。）

（1）一般如今时

　　根柢方法（以do为例）：

　　第三人称奇数：does（主语为非第三人称奇数）；

　　必定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他；

　　he works for us.

　　否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn’t＋动词原形＋其他；

　　he doesn’t work for us.

　　一般疑问句：do/does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。

　　必定答复：yes，（＋ 主语＋do/does）．

　　否定答复：no，（＋主语＋don’t/doesn’t.）

　　特别疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语

　　does he work for us?

　　yes, he does.

　　no, he doesn’t

　　what does he do for us?

　　he works for us.

（2）一般曩昔时

　　be动词＋行为动词的曩昔式

　　否定句式：内行为动词前加didn‘t，一起复原行为动词，或was／were＋not；

　　was或were放于句首；用助动词do的曩昔式did发问，一起复原行为动词

　　例如： did he work for us?

　　he didn’t work for us.

　　he worked for us.

（3）一般将来时

　　am／are／is＋going to＋do 或

　　will／shall＋do

　　am/is/are/about to + do

　　am/is/are to + do;

　　一般将来时的表达办法

　　be going to +动词原形

　　be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形

　　be able to +不定式

　　be about to+动词原形

　　will + 动词原形；

　　例如：he is going to work for us.

　　he will work for us；

　　he is coming.这是特别的用一般如今时 表达 将来时态 的比方！！

(4)曩昔将来时

　　be（was，were）going to+动词原形

　　be（was，were）about to+动词原形

　　be（was，were）to+动词原形

　　必定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～.

　　否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～.

　　疑问句：be（was，were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？

　　必定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～.

　　否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～.

　　疑问句：would（should）+主语+动词原形～？

　　he would work for us.

(5)如今进行时

　　主语+be+v.ing〔如今分词〕方法(其间v标明动词)

　　标明如今正在进行的动作或迩来在做的事。

　　例如：i am

buying a book.

　　第一人称+am+doing+sth

　　第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指一切的v-ing方法）

　　第三人称+is+doing+sth

　　例：he is working.

(6)曩昔进行时

　　必定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它

　　否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它

　　一般疑问句及答语：was/were+主语+doing+其它 ；答语：yes,i主语+was/were./no,i主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

　　特别疑问句：特别疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它

　　he was working when he was alive.

(7)将来进行时

　　主语+will + be +如今分词

　　he will be working for us.=he will work for us.

(8)曩昔将来进行时

　　should(would)+be+如今分词

　　he said that he would be working for us.=he said that he would work for us.

(9)如今结束时

　　根柢规划：主语+have/has+曩昔分词(done)

　　①必定句：主语+have/has+曩昔分词+其他

　　②否定句：主语+have/has+not+曩昔分词+其他

　　③一般疑问句：have/has+主语+曩昔分词+其他

　　④特别疑问句：特别疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+曩昔分词+其他\

　　he has worked for us for ten years.

　　has he worked for us for ten years.

(10)曩昔结束时

　　根柢规划：主语+had+曩昔分

词(done)

　　①必定句：主语+had+曩昔分词+其他

　　②否定句：主语+had+not+曩昔分词+其他

　　③一般疑问句：had+主语+曩昔分词+其他

　　必定答复：yes,主语+had

　　否定答复：no,主语+hadn’t

　　④特别疑问句：特别疑问词+一般疑问句（had+主语+曩昔分词+其他）

　　语法断定:

　　（ 1 ） by + 曩昔的时刻点。如：

　　i had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night.

　　（ 2 ） by the end of + 曩昔的时刻点。如：

　　we had learnt over two thousand english words by the end of last term.

　　（ 3 ） before + 曩昔的时刻点。如：

　　they had planted six hundred trees before last wednesday.

(11)将来结束时

　　（shall）will+have+动词曩昔分词

　　before+将来时刻或by+将来时刻

　　before或by the time引导的如今时的从句

　　he will have worked for us.=he will work for us.

(12)曩昔将来结束时

　　should / would have done sth.

　　he said that he would have worked for us.=he said that he would work for us.

(13)如今结束进行时

　　根柢与如今结束时相同，可是如今结束进行时只能标明仍然持续的概念

　　have/has been +-ing 分词

　　he has been working for us for ten years.=he has worked for us for ten years.

(14)曩昔结束进行时

　　had been +-ing 分词

　　he said that he had been working for us for ten years.=he said that he had worked for us for ten years.

(15)将来结束进行时

　　主语+ shall/will have been doing

　　he will have been working for us.=he will work for us.

　　翻译为：他迩来一向在为咱们作业（曩昔在作业，如今在作业，将来还会作业）

(16)曩昔将来结束进行时

　　should+have been+如今分词用于第一人称

　　would have been+如今分词用于其别人称

　　he said that he would have been working for us.=he said that he would work for us.

　　举例：

　　英语中有12个首要时态，都来自于三时（曩昔、如今、将来）

　　如今以i listen为例，举例英语中有12个首要时态如下所示：

　　一般如今时：i listen

　　如今进行时：i am listening

　　曩昔进行时：i was listening

　　如今结束时：i have listened

　　如今结束进行时：i have been listening

　　一般将来时：i shall listen”或“i will listen.”

　　将来进行时：i shall be listening

　　一般曩昔时：i listened

　　曩昔结束时：i had listened

　　曩昔结束进行时：i had been listening

　　将来结束时： i shall have listened

　　将来结束进行时： i shall have been listening